Abstract:Taking the national key management area of soil and water conservation as the study case, it analyzed the effectiveness, existing problems and countermeasures of comprehensive management of soil and water conservation, through the evaluation of comprehensive management benefits of small watershed and the calculation of comprehensive management benefits of soil and water conservation (GB/T15774-2008) by using the methods of before and after comparison, typical sampling and field investigation. Furthermore, it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on strengthening diversified investment, perfecting policy mechanism and demonstration.