2013—2023年山东省水资源分布特征及供需分析

Distribution Characteristics and Supply-Demand Analysis of Water Resources in Shandong During 2013—2023

摘要:

为全面、系统地掌握山东省水资源状况,该研究基于2013—2023年期间发布的《山东省水资源公报》所提供的详实数据,对近10年来山东省的降水量、径流量以及地表水资源量的时空分布特征进行了深入分析,同时,对供用水结构的动态变化进行分析评估。结果表明:山东省水资源总量年际波动大,总体呈微弱上升趋势,空间分布不均。总供水量基本稳定,地表水仍是主力,占比有上升趋势,地下水供水量相对较稳定,外调水成为重要补充。总用水量稳中有降,农业用水占比最大但总体呈下降趋势,工业和生活用水及人工生态环境补水占比上升。该研究可为山东省乃至整个区域的水资源安全保障提供坚实、可靠的科学依据,有效指导水资源的高效利用和科学管理,促进区域经济社会的可持续发展。

Abstract:

To comprehensively and systematically grasp the water resources status of Shandong Province, based on detailed data from the Shandong Provincial Water Resources Bulletin from 2013 to 2023, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation, runoff and surface water resources in Shandong over the past decade, and evaluates the dynamic changes of water supply and consumption structure. The results indicate that the total water resources in Shandong Province fluctuates greatly inter-annually with an overall slight upward trend and uneven spatial distribution. The total water supply remains basically stable; surface water is still the main supply source with a rising proportion. And groundwater supply is relatively stable, while diverted water has become an important supplement. The total water consumption shows a steady slight decline. Agricultural water accounts for the largest proportion but presents an overall downward trend, while the proportion of industrial water, domestic water and artificial ecological water replenishment increases. The analysis to provide a solid and reliable scientific basis for water resources security guarantee in Shandong Province and even the whole region, effectively guide the efficient utilization and scientific management of water resources, and promote the sustainable development of regional economy and society.